Foot and ankle specialists, also called podiatrists, are providers who evaluate symptoms in the feet and ankles. They perform physical exams, diagnose conditions, and recommend treatment based on what they find. For many foot and ankle problems, that treatment may include orthotics. Orthotics are devices worn in the shoes to reduce symptoms tied to a range of conditions. They include shoe inserts, arch supports, heel liners, ankle braces, and custom-made devices.
Orthotics Consultation
The process starts with a consultation. During this visit, foot and ankle specialists review the patient’s symptoms and perform a physical exam of the feet and ankles. This step helps doctors identify the underlying condition and determine whether orthotics are an appropriate treatment.
Specialists will look for symptoms such as foot pain and swelling during or after everyday activities like walking and standing. They can address bunions, hammertoes, foot tendonitis, and a sprained ankle. Other signs include flat feet or high arches that cause pain or inward rolling of the foot, balance issues or falls from collapsed arches, and uneven wear on the bottoms of shoes. A recent lower leg injury that changes the way a person walks can also be a factor, as can foot complications related to diabetes.
For mild symptoms, a specialist may suggest an over-the-counter device first. When symptoms persist or worsen, a custom orthotic may be recommended.
Impression
If the specialists determine orthotics will help, they will take an impression of the foot to capture its shape, so the finished device matches its contours. There are three common methods.
The first method uses a plaster mold of the foot. This plaster sets around the foot to record its shape. The second method uses a foam box. Patients step into the foam, which takes an impression of the foot’s outline. The third method uses computerized foot analysis to create a 3D image of the foot.
Custom orthotics may be made from a semi-rigid material such as graphite, carbon fiber, or plastic, or from softer, more flexible materials, depending on the condition being treated.
Fitting
A properly fitted orthotic supports alignment of the feet and ankles. It may also help prevent and treat foot deformities and improve the overall function of the foot and ankle. Some custom orthotics are made as full-shoe inserts, while others support only the heel.
An adjustment period is normal. An orthotic changes the way the foot moves, so the foot needs time to adapt. Orthotics manage symptoms rather than cure the condition, so continued use is often recommended to maintain relief.
Visit Foot and Ankle Specialists
If you are dealing with foot or ankle pain that does not ease with rest or basic care, it may be time to see a foot and ankle specialist. A podiatrist can examine your feet and ankles, diagnose the condition behind your symptoms, and explain whether orthotics fit your situation.
Start by scheduling a consultation to discuss what you have been experiencing. Ask about the type of orthotic that suits your condition and what the fitting process involves.
